NMT (No-Me Teaching) new series 56:
Prior to excerpting the Ramana Maharshi disciple, Master Nome in the text below we continue the series: Fine-Tuned Universe , the premise that a small change in several of the dimensionless fundamental physical constants would make the Universe incapable of Life.
Fine-Tuned Universe 36:
[In the unreal reflection called the “Universe”, a product of an unreal Mind, even there, Infinite Intelligence is evident and inspiring.]
Cosmological Constant – Lambda, Λ = in Einstein’s General Relativity equation
(+) Positive > 0 Repulsive force, Space Expands
(– ) Negative < 0 Attractive force, Space Contracts
Einstein saw the need for a “fudge factor” for his Field Equations, which he theorized as an Energy Density of Vacuum Space, Lambda, Λ , a Cosmological Constant that would determine Expansion or Contraction for the Universe. Negative attractive force acting on simple parallel Space-Time would be the effect of Gravity on the Mass of the Universe. Positive repulsive force, similar to whatever drove the Big Bang’s initial Expansion – Inflation, would “mysteriously” by no known mechanism, continue after initial Expansion of Space-Time. Thus would it proceed whether Mass contracted toward & into Black Holes or not. Unlike a chemical “explosion”, there was & is no kind of “pressure” that drove the Big-Bang & later Inflation–Expansion of Space-Time. An explosion propels material into Space; Inflation os a growth of Space as well.
Other energy fields: E-M, Fine-Tuning, Higgs fields associated with the Weak Force, the Inflaton field hypothesized by Inflationary Cosmology, the Dilaton field hypothesized by Superstring theory, & the fields associated with Elementary Particles – each contribute to the Vacuum Energy, either Negative or Positive.
If the total effective Cosmological Constant is Positive (+) & larger than some positive value Λ+max, or Negative (– ) & smaller than some Negative value Λ– max, then the Universe would have expanded (if Positive), or collapsed (if Negative), too quickly for Stars or Galaxies to form. This again parallels the Fine-Tuning of Gravity to 1 part in 1060 for Mass, but now with Lambda, for Space-Time.
Enumerating conceptual contributions to Lambda:
Λvac = contribution to the Cosmological constant from the Vacuum energy of all the Fields combined – potential energy V, for Universe through phases, along with Zero-Point energies of Vacuum
Fluctuations of the Quantum Fields of the Fundamental Forces & Elementary Particles
Λbare = Einstein’s original Cosmological Constant, not associated with contributions to the Vacuum Energy from other Fields
ΛQ = Quintessence Energy changing with Time
Total Effective Cosmological Constant
= Λeff = Λvac + Λbare + ΛQ @ (1053 – 10120 ) x Λmax (+/–) whichever larger
The originally theoretical calculation, [before some of these other contributions were piled on] was up to a (10120 x ) – a discrepancy which was called the very worst in Physics ! Unknown Dark Energy of some kind seems to leave the Cosmological Constant Fine-Tuned to near–Zero (after the cancellation of very large numbers), all to a Precision reminiscent of that for the Gravitational Force Coupling Constant G.
Imagine “fine-tuning” the [net annual income of every person on Earth] – minus [all their expenses] & demanding that the difference balances out to exactly 1 cent, to 120 significant figures, & remain exactly that unchangingly for Eons. That is the kind of Fine-Tuning the Universe exhibits in order for Intelligent Life like ourselves to exist.
As large as is (10120 x ), the Reciprocal is a (10– 120 ) which equals that Cosmological Constant, or does so within an order of magnitude since (10– 121) is more often noted [for measurement in inverse Planck Lengths], as the value that matches currently observed “slow-flat” Expansion of the Universe.
Λ =
_1______________________________________________________________________
100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
=
0.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
To be that close to Zero & yet precisely Positive & Non-Zero is extreme Fine-Tuning indeed.
The above themes & 1600 pages more are freely available as perused or downloaded PDF’s, the sole occupants of a Public Microsoft Skydrive “Public Folder” accessible through:
http://jstiga.wixsite.com/nonduality/
or with Caps-sensitive:
Duplicates (but with graphics) have been available on:
http://www.blogger.com as “Being-as-Consciousness, Non-Duality – new & final version” with link:
http://being-as-consciousness.blogspot.com/
[But from now on, they will be different & still usually daily.]
“There is no Creation, no Destruction, no Bondage, no longing to be freed from Bondage, no striving for Liberation, nor anyone who has attained Liberation. Know that this to be Ultimate Truth.” – the “no creation” school of Gaudapada, Shankara, Ramana, Nome – Ajata Vada
for very succinct summary of the teaching & practice, see: www.ajatavada.com/
Nonduality and Science 